Enhancing learning from hypertext by inducing a goal orientation: Comparing different approaches   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jörg Zumbach  Peter Reimann 《Instructional Science》2002,30(4):243-267

As learning from hypertext requires a highdegree of self-monitoring, having a clearlearning goal in mind should enhance learning.Our concern in this study was to investigatethree different kinds of approaches forinducing learning goals: A Tutorial providedexternal and specific learning objectives, aGoal-Based Scenario (GBS) for inducing externaland general learning goals, and a Strategytraining leading to internal goal generation. Ahypertext resource was combined with each ofthese three learning arrangements. The threeconditions were compared regarding learningoutcomes and motivational effects. A total of 60adults participated in our study.Results suggest that GBS students are moremotivated, acquire a better overview and arebetter able to apply their knowledge in anargumentation task. Students in the Tutorialperformed better in fact-relatedknowledge-tests as a result of their directaccomplishment of learning objectives, butfailed to create a coherent overview on thetopic and were less motivated. Participantsthat received a strategy training onself-questioning failed to apply thismeta-cognitive strategy in order to formulatetheir own learning goals when working with thehypertext.  相似文献   

Driving change from ‘the middle’: middle leading for site based educational development     

Christine Edwards-Groves  Peter Grootenboer  Ian Hardy  Karin Rönnerman 《School Leadership & Management》2019,39(3-4):315-333

ABSTRACT

Educational researchers have invested much in isolating the specific ‘drivers’ that influence school change and teacher professional development. In this vein, this article draws attention to necessarily situated understandings of practice development through research into the nature of ‘middle leading’ for site based education development in one primary school district in regional Australia. Drawing on practice theory, the analysis reveals how developing and sustaining change in schools is contingent on middle leaders’ insider knowledge, shared responsibility and capacity to sustain and ‘drive’ teachers’ learning. The article argues more situated understandings of middle leading practices are essential for sustainable educational reform.  相似文献   

The performance of African primary education systems: Critique and new analysis of PASEC data for Senegal     

Jens Naumann  Peter Wolf 《Prospects》2001,31(3):373-391

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Students' estimates of knowledge gained as measures of the quality of teacher education     

Professor Peter Fensham  Dr. Kathiravelu Navaratnam  Dr. Warren Jones  Professor Leo West 《Research in Science Education》1991,21(1):80-89

One set of measures of the quality of courses for the preparation of science teachers stems from the perceptions exit students have of their knowledge with respect to that teaching. The Discipline Review of Teacher Education in Mathematics and Science surveyed these students late in 1988 on three broad types of knowledge-science content knowledge, curriculum knowledge, and pedagogical knowledge. Some of these findings of the Review are described. In addition, the base for developing items to measure these three types of knowledge is discussed in this paper. The variety in the data that emerged is also presented and the consistency of the findings with other measures of quality is described. Specialisations: science and technology curriculum, environmental education, educational disadvantage. Specialisations: research and evaluation in teacher education, technical and further education and total quality management. Specialisations: research in educational systems.  相似文献   

Patterns of interaction between a mother and her Down's syndrome child: A single case ethological study     

Paul Berry  Peter Mathams  Beulah Middleton 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1977,24(3):156-164

The study reports the analysis of a mother/child interaction sequence. Its focus is on the mother's teaching strategies. The child was presented with two tasks. The first task was new and not previously experienced by the child; the second task was one that had been experienced. The mother's teaching of the tasks was videotaped and analysed. The material was analysed according to ‘on task’ behaviours. The results indicated that:

1. (a) both the mother and child were able to maintain a continuous communication sequence;

2. (b) the mother structured both tasks, but structured the new task more, and allowed some flexibility in the old task;

3. (c) the language used by the mother was ‘restricted';

4. (d) in responding to her child's behaviour, the mother made more use of verbal cues and used fewer non‐verbal cues

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Do troublesome pupils impact teacher perception of the behaviour of their classmates?     

Albert W. Wienen  Laura Batstra  Ernst Thoutenhoofd  Elisabeth H. Bos  Peter de Jonge 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2019,34(1):114-123

The widely supported wish for more inclusive education places ever greater expectations on teachers’ abilities to teach all children, including those with special needs and challenging behaviours. The present study aimed at the question whether teachers judge pupil behaviour more negatively if there are more children with difficult behaviour in class. The teachers of 184 classes in 31 regular primary schools were asked to complete the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-L) for 3649 pupils. Six linear mixed models were carried out with as independent variable the number of pupils that teachers perceived to have ‘abnormal behaviour’, and the class mean without these pupils as the dependent variable. For all SDQ-L subscales – emotional problems, behavioural problems, problems with hyperactivity, problems with peers, poor prosocial behaviour and total problems – the number of pupils perceived as problematic was associated with less favourable teacher perceptions of the rest of the class. The results of this study are a plea for a contextual perspective on pupil behaviour in class, both where teachers are asked to report on individual pupils, as well as where interventions are done on emotional and behavioural problems in class.  相似文献   

Intention and practice in school science education     

Peter Aubusson 《Research in Science Education》1994,24(1):21-30

This paper reports on a study of the mismatch between science teachers' stated purposes and their actual teaching of science in a secondary school. Factors affecting teachers' practices include their personal beliefs about teaching, learning and the purposes of science education, the school program and the school culture. Specializations: science and technology education, professional development.  相似文献   

Cross-cultural differences in university students' goals and perceptions of study settings for achieving their own goals     

Simone E. Volet  Peter D. Renshaw 《Higher Education》1995,30(4):407-433

International education and university study exchange programs are now widely established around the world. Yet little is known about possible cultural differences in international and local students' goals and perceptions, and about how international students adapt to the specific academic requirements of the host country. The mediating role of student's goals and perceptions, as well as the dynamic and adaptive nature of those cognitions have been emphasised in theories of self-regulation of learning and empirical research on student learning. The present study examined the extent to which international students' ways of thinking about learning, learning goals and perceptions of the usefulness of typical university study contexts differ from local students at the beginning of their study in the host university, and then become similar to that of local students after a period of time. Comparisons of matched groups of international students (from South-east Asia) and local (Australian) students revealed evidence of cultural/educational differences between their conceptualisation of goals at the beginning of their university study but this difference disappeared after one semester. At the start of their university study, South-east Asian students displayed higher levels of goals than local students, but neither group was certain yet which study settings would be most useful for achieving their personal goals. After one semester, South-east Asian students had become more like local students but the two groups' overall patterns of change over time were similar, providing further support for the view that the specific characteristics of study environments have a strong impact on students' learning. South-east Asian students' clear differentiation of the usefulness of typical study settings for the achievement of high vs low level goals however, contrasted with local students' undifferentiated view that individual study is the most useful form of learning.  相似文献   

Role models,school improvement and the ‘gender gap’—do men bring out the best in boys and women the best in girls?1     

Bruce Carrington  Peter Tymms  Christine Merrell 《British Educational Research Journal》2008,34(3):315-327

A number of countries are running role model recruitment drives under the assumption that like is good for like: ethnic minority teachers should teach ethnic minority children, women should teach girls, and so on. The empirical basis for this would appear to be case study and personal reflection. This article will examine quantitative data to test the hypothesis that male teachers produce more positive attitudes amongst boys and female teachers amongst girls. Using data from the Performance Indicators in Primary Schools (PIPS) Project, information from 413 separate classes for 11 year‐olds (in England) was examined. One hundred and thirteen were taught by males and 300 by females. All the pupils completed questionnaires that were designed to measure attitude to school, reading, mathematics and science. In addition, background data on those pupils were collected, including cognitive measures, attainment scores, ability measures and home background measures. The data were examined to look at attitudes using multilevel models controlling for background factors. The analysis concentrated on interaction effects between the gender of the teacher and the gender of the pupil and the results gave little support for those who advocate recruitment drives with role models in mind.  相似文献   

World enough and time: The work of Mollie Hunter     

Peter Hollindale 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1977,8(3):109-119

The work of Mollie Hunter is published and read throughout the world. She won the Carnegie Medal in 1974 forThe Stronghold, and she was the May Hill Arbuthnot Lecturer in 1975, travelling in the United States for six weeks giving a series of addresses that have been collected inTalent Is Not Enough (Harper & Row, 1976).Peter Hollindale is Senior Lecturer in English and Education at the University of York, and author ofChoosing Books for Children (Elek). He has lectured widely in children's literature at colleges of education and in-service courses for teachers. He contributed an article on John Masefield toCle 23.  相似文献